在英语学习中，短语就是汉语都的成语一样，是同学们在学习中遣词造句的基础。而且英语短语还是考试必考的知识点，特别是单项选择题和完型填空题，短语考核出现的频率非常高！

英语短语的结构类型也比较多，主要有to do结构的、-ing结构的、be 动词结构等等，还有一些短语是固定搭配的。短语对学习英语来说非常重要，所以同学们一定要多积累短语，增加自己的词汇量。

下面总结了中小学英语考试中出现频率比较高的8类短语，大家赶紧来看看吧！

 

结构一：To do 结构

ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事

tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事;

help sb ( to) do sth. 协助做某事

want sb to do sth. 想要做某事

wish sb to do sth. 希望做某事

invite sb. to do sth. 约请某人做某事

drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事

expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事

forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事

force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事

hope to do sth. 希望做某事

offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事

plan to do sth. 方案做某事

prepare to do sth. 预备做某事

pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事

promise to do sth. 容许做某事

refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事

fail to do sth. 未能做某事

happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

need sb to do sth need doing =need to be done

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

advise doing sth. 建议做某事

allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

allow doing sth 允许做某事

 

结构二：ing 结构

consider doing sth. 思索做某事

enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事

finish doing sth. 完成做某事

give up doing sth. 保持做某事

imagine doing sth. 想象做某事

mind doing sth. 介意做某事

practice doing sth. 练习做某事

prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事

put off doing sth. 推延做某事

risk doing sth. 冒险做某事

forbid doing sth. 制止做某事

forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事

 

结构三：既 to 又 ing

1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做）

          remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做）

2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做）

          forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）

3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做）

          regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做）

4. try to do sth. 努力做某事

          try doing sth. 尝试做某事

5.stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事

         stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情

6.mean to do sth. 计划做事

         mean doing sth. 意味着做某事

7.can’t help to do sth. 不能协助做某事

         can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事

8.go on to do sth. 做完某预先接着做

         go on doing sth. 持续做不断在做的事

 

结构四：do 动词原形

let sb. do sth.让某人做某事

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

make sth done have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

have sth done see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事

see sb doing hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事

hear sb doing listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事

listen sb doing sth look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事

watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事

feel sb. do sth. 觉得某人做某事

 

结构五：双宾语

give sb sth = give sth to sb

tell sb sth = tell sth to sb

borrow sth from sb lend sth to sb

buy sth for sb =buy sb sth

show sb sth=show sth to sb

 

结构六：Be 动词结构

be careful of …注意,小心

be late for be free 空闲的，有空

be busy doing/with sth

be covered with 被……复盖

be ready for 为……作好准备

be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶

be interested in 对……感到举

be excited about 对…感到兴奋;

be angry with 对…生气;

be mad at 对…愤怒;

be friendly to 对…友好/友善

be pleased with 对…喜欢，满意于

be satisfied with 对…感到满意

be famous for/ as 因 以...而著名

be strict with/ in 对…严格要求

be afraid of 害怕，担忧

be afraid to do 害怕做某事; 害怕做

be worried about =be anxious about 挂虑; 惦念

be glad to do 高兴做某事

be from = come from 来自于

be good for 对...有好处

be bad for 对...有不好之处

be good at = do well in 擅长

be able to do有能力做某事

 

结构七：Gogethave……结构

go go bed 睡觉

go to sleep

go to school

go home

go fishing /swimming/shopping

go over 复习

get over 克服

get on/off 上/下车

get to 到达reach arrive in/at

have a lesson /a meeting 上课/开会

have a try 试一试

have a good time 玩得很高兴

have a fever 发烧

have a coldb感冒

have a rest 休息一会儿

make friends (with)与……交朋友

make a living 谋生

make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误

make a sentence be made from/of 由……制成

look after =take care of照管，照看，

look out 当心，小心

put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子)

put up 张帖

take one's advice 听从某人劝告

take place 发生

take the place of 代替

take it easy 别紧张

turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)

turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)

at the age of… 在……岁时

at the end of… 在……之末

by the end of… 到……底为止

at the beginning of… 在……之初

in fact 事实上

in a hurry 匆忙

from then on 从那时起

a great deal of 非常多，大量的(不可数名词)

a large (great) number of 非常多，大量的(可数名词)

a great many 大量，许多(可数名词)

day after day 日复一日

 

结构八：其他固定搭配

langht at 嘲笑

be used to doing习惯于

wake…up 唤醒

work out 算出

hurry up 赶快，快点

think about 考虑…… think of

worry about = be worried about = be anxious

about 担忧

instead of 代替……

with one's help 在某人的帮助下，由于

get on/along (well) with 与……相处(融洽

In the hospital 在医院里 In hospital 住院

keep up with 跟上……，

be different from 不同于; 与…不同

It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人一些时间.

sb spend some time/money （in）doing /on sth

hundreds / thousands /millions of 做某事花费某人某些物.