什么是同位语,同位语从句例句
来源:未知发布时间:2019-11-19
一、什么叫“同位语”?
当一个名词(或其他方式)用于限制或表明另一个名词或代词时,这一名词(或其他方式)就是说同位语。
同位语与被它修饰的词在文件格式上应保持一致,并且同位语一般全是紧随所修饰的词句的。
同位语与所修饰的词句关联密不可分时,无需逗号分隔;同位语对其所修饰的词句只作填补表述时,能用逗号分隔。如:
1) My sister Mary will visit me tomorrow morning.
2) Last Saturday, I met my old friend, James Brown.
第1)句中的Mary就是说my sister的同位语,第2)句中的James Brown就是说my old friend的同位语,指的全是同一个人。
二、同位语的归类
(一)名词或名词语句作同位语
Jack, the mayor, will attend the meeting next Friday.
句中的the mayor作Jack的同位语。
Jerry, our beloved pet dog, has lived with us for eight years.
句中的our beloved pet dog作Jerry的同位语。
(二)直接引语作同位语
Now let's get down to the girl's question, "Who will take over the job?"
句中引号的直接引语就做为question的同位语。
(三)语句作同位语
I don't believe the fact that she is a spy.
句中的she is a spy作the fact的同位语。
三、什么叫“同位语从句”?
当一个语句用于当做某一名词或代词的同位语时,这一语句就是说该名词或代词的同位语从句。
同位语从句关键用于对其前边的抽象性名词开展表述表明,被表述表明的词和同位语在逻辑性上是主表关联。如:
The idea that we will visit Paris next week excites every one of us.
句中的同位语从句we will visit Paris next week与the idea中间就是说主表关联,即同位语从句和它所修饰的成份中间实际上能够用系动词相互连接。如:
The idea is that we will visit Paris next week.
四、同位语从句的引导词
引导同位语从句的词句一般 有连词that、whether、联接代词和联接副词等。
(一)that引导的同位语从句
They are very excited to hear the news that they have won the game.
The fact that he stole the money yesterday shocks us all.
【留意】
1、当同位语从句所修饰的名词为表提议、指令、规定等的时,同位语从句的谓语动词呀选用“should+do”的虚拟语气方式。在其中,should能够省去。如
They were faced with the demand that this tax (should) be abolished.
They expressed the wish that he (should) leave the country as soon as possible.
2、引导同位语从句的连词that一般 不省去,但在非正规的健身培训中还可以省掉。 如:
He picked up his luggage and gave the impression he was boarding the waiting train.
句中的impression后边就省去了that。
(二)whether引导的同位语从句
当whether用于引导同位语从句时,其所修饰的名词通常是表难题或疑虑的名词。如:
There is some doubt whether he will come.
The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.
留意:if不可以引导同位语从句。
(三)联接代词引导的同位语从句
常见来引导同位语从句的联接代词有what、who、whom、whose、which等。如:
I'm wondering the puzzle who has taken away my umbrella.
He has no idea what time he should leave tomorrow.
(四)联接副词引导的同位语从句
常见来引导同位语从句的联接副词有when、where、why、how以及-ever构造。如:
She has no idea when the plane will arrive.
It is a question how he managed to solve the mystery.
He had no idea why she had left without saying goodbye to anyone.
五、同位语从句的隔开
有时候同位语从句会两者之间所修饰的名词分离。 如:
The story goes that she has won the race many times.
The rumour spread that a new governor would be appointed here.
Report has it that many citizens died in the earthquake last night.
The order soon came that all soldiers (should) retreat under no circumstances.
由左右列句能够看得出,当同位语从句两者之间所修饰的名词分离时,通常由于这一名词是主机的主语,之后紧随的是主机的谓语动词。