英语常见同义词辨析
来源:未知发布时间:2019-11-26
Group 2
ability, capability, capacity, competence, faculty, talent, skill, aptitude
[分析]这组专有名词均表达“能力,才可以”,但用法不一样。
ability 更为一般的用语,包含先天性的或习得的能力、才可以,后接动词不定式或介词in 或for。
(Your ability is the quality or skill that you have which makes it possible for you to do something.)
比如:
She did the work to the best of their ability.
她已尽力去做哪件工作中了。
We found him work more suited to his abilities.
人们为他找到更能充分发挥他才可以的工作中。
capability 意指“天赋,潜力”,指一种将会获得发展或运用的才可以或能力。
(If you have the capability or the capabilities to do something, you have the ability or the qualities that are necessary to do it.)
比如:
a student of great capabilities
一个能力很强的学员
capability 还表达性能、容积可以被某一特殊目地而应用、解决或发展的能力
(a characteristic that may be developed; potential aptitude)
比如:
nuclear capability 核能力
capacity 指技能的,如生长发育、发展或取得成功的发展潜力,还带有“容量、容积、生产制造能力”之意。
(Your capacity for something is your ability to do it, or the amount of it that you are able to do.)
(The capacity of a container is its volume, or the amount of liquid it can hold, measured in units such as litresor gallons.)
比如:
a trunk filled to capacity 一个放满的小箱子
factories operating below capacity 没满合乎运行的工厂
competence 指做某件事使人令人满意但并不一定非常出色的能力。
(Competence is the ability to do something well or effectively.)
比如:
He hired her because of her competence as a secretary.
他听她能担任秘书工作而聘请她。
faculty 指本质的能量或能力
(Your faculties are your physical and mental abilities.)
比如:
The faculty of speech 演讲的能力,演讲口才
talent 注重天生的才能,尤指在造型艺术层面。
(Talent is the natural ability to do something well.)
比如:
The young singer is a real talent.
这位年青的演唱家是个真实的奇才。
skill 注重由工作经验而得到或发展的能力
(A skill is a type of work or activity which requires special training and knowledge.)
比如:
writting skills 创作才可以
aptitude 暗指本质的学习培训、了解和演出的才可以
(Someone's aptitude for a particular kind of work or activity is their ability to learn it quickly and to do it well.)
比如:
Even as a child, he showed an unusual aptitude for mathematics.
乃至儿童时他就显露出来非同一般的数学课才可以。