英语专题辅导:动名词和分词用法(5)

来源:一百分发布时间:2013-02-07

  2. 分词作定语

  分词作定语时有下面几个特点:

  1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。

  2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。

  He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。

  The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。

  The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。

  He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。

  3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语,但不具有被动意义,这点要注意:

  departed,  elapsed,  faded,  fallen,  gone,  frown-up,  retired,

  returned,  risen,   set,    vanished, much-traveled,

  newly-arrived,     recently-come

  3. 分词作状语

  现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。

  1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。

  He went out shutting the door behind him.   他出去后将门随手关上。

  Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.

  由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。

  Smiling, they came in.

  2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。

  Cleaned, the room looks nice.

  Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

  如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。

  Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.

  在遇到困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。


  目标测试

  1.I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time _______ the last  bus.

  A. to have caught   B. to catch   C. catching   D. having caught

  2.I must make full use of the time ________ left to me and do as much as I can for the people.

  A. there being   B. there is   C. there are   D. there to be

  3.He does nothing but________ .

  A. complaining   B. to complaining   C. complain   D. to complain

  4.You're going to England next year. You should now practise ________  English as much as possible.

  A. speak   B. to speak   C. speaking    D. Speak about

  5.The students expected there ________  more reviewing classes before the final exam.

  A. is    B. being   C. have been   D. to be

  6.If we don’t start out now, we must risk ________ the train.

  A. miss    B. missing     C. being missed  D. to miss

  7.Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort ________ her?

  A. please    B. pleased    C. to please    D. having pleased

  8.The bank is reported in the local newspaper ________ in broad daylight yesterday.

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